2 * QEMU PC System Emulator
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
26 /* output Bochs bios info messages */
29 #define BIOS_FILENAME "bios.bin"
30 #define VGABIOS_FILENAME "vgabios.bin"
31 #define LINUX_BOOT_FILENAME "linux_boot.bin"
33 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR 0x00100000
34 #define INITRD_LOAD_ADDR 0x00400000
35 #define KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR 0x00090000
36 #define KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR 0x00099000
39 int dummy_refresh_clock;
40 static fdctrl_t *floppy_controller;
41 static RTCState *rtc_state;
44 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t data)
48 /* PC cmos mappings */
50 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE 0x14
51 #define REG_IBM_CENTURY_BYTE 0x32
52 #define REG_IBM_PS2_CENTURY_BYTE 0x37
55 static inline int to_bcd(RTCState *s, int a)
57 return ((a / 10) << 4) | (a % 10);
60 static void cmos_init(int ram_size, int boot_device)
62 RTCState *s = rtc_state;
68 /* set the CMOS date */
73 val = to_bcd(s, (tm->tm_year / 100) + 19);
74 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_IBM_CENTURY_BYTE, val);
75 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_IBM_PS2_CENTURY_BYTE, val);
77 /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
80 val = 640; /* base memory in K */
81 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x15, val);
82 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
84 val = (ram_size / 1024) - 1024;
87 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
88 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
89 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
90 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
92 val = (ram_size / 65536) - ((16 * 1024 * 1024) / 65536);
95 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
96 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
101 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x01); /* floppy boot */
105 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x02); /* hard drive boot */
108 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x03); /* CD-ROM boot */
114 fd0 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 0);
115 fd1 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 1);
120 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
124 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
128 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
134 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
138 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
142 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
146 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x10, val);
158 val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
161 val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
164 val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
165 val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
166 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
170 static void speaker_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
172 speaker_data_on = (val >> 1) & 1;
173 pit_set_gate(pit, 2, val & 1);
176 static uint32_t speaker_ioport_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
179 out = pit_get_out(pit, 2, qemu_get_clock(vm_clock));
180 dummy_refresh_clock ^= 1;
181 return (speaker_data_on << 1) | pit_get_gate(pit, 2) | (out << 5) |
182 (dummy_refresh_clock << 4);
185 static void ioport92_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
187 cpu_x86_set_a20(cpu_single_env, (val >> 1) & 1);
188 /* XXX: bit 0 is fast reset */
191 static uint32_t ioport92_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
193 return ((cpu_single_env->a20_mask >> 20) & 1) << 1;
196 /***********************************************************/
197 /* Bochs BIOS debug ports */
199 void bochs_bios_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
202 /* Bochs BIOS messages */
205 fprintf(stderr, "BIOS panic at rombios.c, line %d\n", val);
210 fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
214 /* LGPL'ed VGA BIOS messages */
217 fprintf(stderr, "VGA BIOS panic, line %d\n", val);
222 fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
228 void bochs_bios_init(void)
230 register_ioport_write(0x400, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
231 register_ioport_write(0x401, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
232 register_ioport_write(0x402, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
233 register_ioport_write(0x403, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
235 register_ioport_write(0x501, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
236 register_ioport_write(0x502, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
237 register_ioport_write(0x500, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
238 register_ioport_write(0x503, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
242 int load_kernel(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr,
248 fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
252 /* load 16 bit code */
253 if (read(fd, real_addr, 512) != 512)
255 setup_sects = real_addr[0x1F1];
258 if (read(fd, real_addr + 512, setup_sects * 512) !=
262 /* load 32 bit code */
263 size = read(fd, addr, 16 * 1024 * 1024);
273 static const int ide_iobase[2] = { 0x1f0, 0x170 };
274 static const int ide_iobase2[2] = { 0x3f6, 0x376 };
275 static const int ide_irq[2] = { 14, 15 };
277 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
279 static uint32_t ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360, 0x280, 0x380 };
280 static int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
282 /* PC hardware initialisation */
283 void pc_init(int ram_size, int vga_ram_size, int boot_device,
284 DisplayState *ds, const char **fd_filename, int snapshot,
285 const char *kernel_filename, const char *kernel_cmdline,
286 const char *initrd_filename)
289 int ret, linux_boot, initrd_size, i, nb_nics1, fd;
291 linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
294 cpu_register_physical_memory(0, ram_size, 0);
297 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, BIOS_FILENAME);
298 ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + 0x000f0000);
299 if (ret != 0x10000) {
300 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load PC bios '%s'\n", buf);
305 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, VGABIOS_FILENAME);
306 ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + 0x000c0000);
308 /* setup basic memory access */
309 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xc0000, 0x10000, 0xc0000 | IO_MEM_ROM);
310 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xd0000, 0x20000, IO_MEM_UNASSIGNED);
311 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xf0000, 0x10000, 0xf0000 | IO_MEM_ROM);
316 uint8_t bootsect[512];
317 uint8_t old_bootsect[512];
319 if (bs_table[0] == NULL) {
320 fprintf(stderr, "A disk image must be given for 'hda' when booting a Linux kernel\n");
323 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, LINUX_BOOT_FILENAME);
324 ret = load_image(buf, bootsect);
325 if (ret != sizeof(bootsect)) {
326 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load linux boot sector '%s'\n",
331 if (bdrv_read(bs_table[0], 0, old_bootsect, 1) >= 0) {
332 /* copy the MSDOS partition table */
333 memcpy(bootsect + 0x1be, old_bootsect + 0x1be, 0x40);
336 bdrv_set_boot_sector(bs_table[0], bootsect, sizeof(bootsect));
338 /* now we can load the kernel */
339 ret = load_kernel(kernel_filename,
340 phys_ram_base + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR,
341 phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR);
343 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",
350 if (initrd_filename) {
351 initrd_size = load_image(initrd_filename, phys_ram_base + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
352 if (initrd_size < 0) {
353 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initial ram disk '%s'\n",
358 if (initrd_size > 0) {
359 stl_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x218, INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
360 stl_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x21c, initrd_size);
362 pstrcpy(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR, 4096,
364 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x20, 0xA33F);
365 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x22,
366 KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR - KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR);
368 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x210, 0x01);
371 /* init basic PC hardware */
372 register_ioport_write(0x80, 1, 1, ioport80_write, NULL);
374 vga_initialize(ds, phys_ram_base + ram_size, ram_size,
377 rtc_state = rtc_init(0x70, 8);
378 register_ioport_read(0x61, 1, 1, speaker_ioport_read, NULL);
379 register_ioport_write(0x61, 1, 1, speaker_ioport_write, NULL);
381 register_ioport_read(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_read, NULL);
382 register_ioport_write(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_write, NULL);
385 pit = pit_init(0x40, 0);
387 fd = serial_open_device();
388 serial_init(0x3f8, 4, fd);
391 if (nb_nics1 > NE2000_NB_MAX)
392 nb_nics1 = NE2000_NB_MAX;
393 for(i = 0; i < nb_nics1; i++) {
394 ne2000_init(ne2000_io[i], ne2000_irq[i], &nd_table[i]);
397 for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
398 ide_init(ide_iobase[i], ide_iobase2[i], ide_irq[i],
399 bs_table[2 * i], bs_table[2 * i + 1]);
406 /* no audio supported yet for win32 */
412 floppy_controller = fdctrl_init(6, 2, 0, 0x3f0, fd_table);
414 cmos_init(ram_size, boot_device);