2 * QEMU PC System Emulator
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
41 #include <netinet/in.h>
46 /* output Bochs bios info messages */
49 #define BIOS_FILENAME "bios.bin"
50 #define VGABIOS_FILENAME "vgabios.bin"
51 #define LINUX_BOOT_FILENAME "linux_boot.bin"
53 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR 0x00100000
54 #define INITRD_LOAD_ADDR 0x00400000
55 #define KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR 0x00090000
56 #define KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR 0x00099000
59 int dummy_refresh_clock;
60 static fdctrl_t *floppy_controller;
61 static RTCState *rtc_state;
63 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t data)
67 /* PC cmos mappings */
69 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE 0x14
70 #define REG_IBM_CENTURY_BYTE 0x32
71 #define REG_IBM_PS2_CENTURY_BYTE 0x37
74 static inline int to_bcd(RTCState *s, int a)
76 return ((a / 10) << 4) | (a % 10);
79 static void cmos_init(int ram_size, int boot_device)
81 RTCState *s = rtc_state;
87 /* set the CMOS date */
92 val = to_bcd(s, (tm->tm_year / 100) + 19);
93 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_IBM_CENTURY_BYTE, val);
94 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_IBM_PS2_CENTURY_BYTE, val);
96 /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
99 val = (ram_size / 1024) - 1024;
102 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
103 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
104 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
105 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
107 val = (ram_size / 65536) - ((16 * 1024 * 1024) / 65536);
110 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
111 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
113 switch(boot_device) {
116 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x01); /* floppy boot */
120 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x02); /* hard drive boot */
123 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x03); /* CD-ROM boot */
129 fd0 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 0);
130 fd1 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 1);
135 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
139 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
143 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
149 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
153 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
157 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
161 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x10, val);
173 val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
176 val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
179 val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
180 val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
181 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
185 static void speaker_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
187 speaker_data_on = (val >> 1) & 1;
188 pit_set_gate(&pit_channels[2], val & 1);
191 static uint32_t speaker_ioport_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
194 out = pit_get_out(&pit_channels[2], qemu_get_clock(vm_clock));
195 dummy_refresh_clock ^= 1;
196 return (speaker_data_on << 1) | pit_channels[2].gate | (out << 5) |
197 (dummy_refresh_clock << 4);
200 /***********************************************************/
201 /* Bochs BIOS debug ports */
203 void bochs_bios_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
206 /* Bochs BIOS messages */
209 fprintf(stderr, "BIOS panic at rombios.c, line %d\n", val);
214 fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
218 /* LGPL'ed VGA BIOS messages */
221 fprintf(stderr, "VGA BIOS panic, line %d\n", val);
226 fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
232 void bochs_bios_init(void)
234 register_ioport_write(0x400, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
235 register_ioport_write(0x401, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
236 register_ioport_write(0x402, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
237 register_ioport_write(0x403, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
239 register_ioport_write(0x501, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
240 register_ioport_write(0x502, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
241 register_ioport_write(0x500, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
242 register_ioport_write(0x503, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
246 int load_kernel(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr,
252 fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
256 /* load 16 bit code */
257 if (read(fd, real_addr, 512) != 512)
259 setup_sects = real_addr[0x1F1];
262 if (read(fd, real_addr + 512, setup_sects * 512) !=
266 /* load 32 bit code */
267 size = read(fd, addr, 16 * 1024 * 1024);
277 static const int ide_iobase[2] = { 0x1f0, 0x170 };
278 static const int ide_iobase2[2] = { 0x3f6, 0x376 };
279 static const int ide_irq[2] = { 14, 15 };
281 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
283 static uint32_t ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360, 0x280, 0x380 };
284 static int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
286 /* PC hardware initialisation */
287 void pc_init(int ram_size, int vga_ram_size, int boot_device,
288 DisplayState *ds, const char **fd_filename, int snapshot,
289 const char *kernel_filename, const char *kernel_cmdline,
290 const char *initrd_filename)
293 int ret, linux_boot, initrd_size, i, nb_nics1, fd;
295 linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
298 cpu_register_physical_memory(0, ram_size, 0);
301 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, BIOS_FILENAME);
302 ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + 0x000f0000);
303 if (ret != 0x10000) {
304 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load PC bios '%s'\n", buf);
309 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, VGABIOS_FILENAME);
310 ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + 0x000c0000);
312 /* setup basic memory access */
313 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xc0000, 0x10000, 0xc0000 | IO_MEM_ROM);
314 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xf0000, 0x10000, 0xf0000 | IO_MEM_ROM);
319 uint8_t bootsect[512];
321 if (bs_table[0] == NULL) {
322 fprintf(stderr, "A disk image must be given for 'hda' when booting a Linux kernel\n");
325 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, LINUX_BOOT_FILENAME);
326 ret = load_image(buf, bootsect);
327 if (ret != sizeof(bootsect)) {
328 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load linux boot sector '%s'\n",
333 bdrv_set_boot_sector(bs_table[0], bootsect, sizeof(bootsect));
335 /* now we can load the kernel */
336 ret = load_kernel(kernel_filename,
337 phys_ram_base + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR,
338 phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR);
340 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",
347 if (initrd_filename) {
348 initrd_size = load_image(initrd_filename, phys_ram_base + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
349 if (initrd_size < 0) {
350 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initial ram disk '%s'\n",
355 if (initrd_size > 0) {
356 stl_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x218, INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
357 stl_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x21c, initrd_size);
359 pstrcpy(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR, 4096,
361 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x20, 0xA33F);
362 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x22,
363 KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR - KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR);
365 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x210, 0x01);
368 /* init basic PC hardware */
369 register_ioport_write(0x80, 1, 1, ioport80_write, NULL);
371 vga_initialize(ds, phys_ram_base + ram_size, ram_size,
374 rtc_state = rtc_init(0x70, 8);
375 register_ioport_read(0x61, 1, 1, speaker_ioport_read, NULL);
376 register_ioport_write(0x61, 1, 1, speaker_ioport_write, NULL);
381 fd = serial_open_device();
382 serial_init(0x3f8, 4, fd);
385 if (nb_nics1 > NE2000_NB_MAX)
386 nb_nics1 = NE2000_NB_MAX;
387 for(i = 0; i < nb_nics1; i++) {
388 ne2000_init(ne2000_io[i], ne2000_irq[i], &nd_table[i]);
391 for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
392 ide_init(ide_iobase[i], ide_iobase2[i], ide_irq[i],
393 bs_table[2 * i], bs_table[2 * i + 1]);
400 floppy_controller = fdctrl_init(6, 2, 0, 0x3f0, fd_table);
402 cmos_init(ram_size, boot_device);