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+<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Glossary</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.68.1"><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="Samba-3 by Example"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Samba-3 by Example"><link rel="prev" href="gpl.html" title="Appendix A. GNU General Public License"><link rel="next" href="ix01.html" title="Index"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Glossary</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="gpl.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ix01.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="glossary"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="id2598164"></a>Glossary</h2></div></div></div><dl><dt>Access Control List</dt><dd><p>
+ A detailed list of permissions granted to users or groups with respect to file and network
+ resource access.
+ </p></dd><dt>Active Directory Service</dt><dd><p>
+ A service unique to Microsoft Windows 200x servers that provides a centrally managed
+ directory for management of user identities and computer objects, as well as the
+ permissions each user or computer may be granted to access distributed network resources.
+ ADS uses Kerberos-based authentication and LDAP over Kerberos for directory access.
+ </p></dd><dt>Common Internet File System</dt><dd><p>
+ The new name for SMB. Microsoft renamed the SMB protocol to CIFS during
+ the Internet hype in the 1990s. At about the time that the SMB protocol was renamed
+ to CIFS, an additional dialect of the SMB protocol was in development. The need for the
+ deployment of the NetBIOS layer was also removed, thus paving the way for use of the SMB
+ protocol natively over TCP/IP (known as NetBIOS-less SMB or “<span class="quote">naked</span>” TCP
+ transport).
+ </p></dd><dt>Common UNIX Printing System</dt><dd><p>
+ A recent implementation of a high-capability printing system for UNIX developed by
+ <a href="http://www.easysw.com/" target="_top">Easy Software Inc.</a>. The design objective
+ of CUPS was to provide a rich print processing system that has built-in intelligence
+ that is capable of correctly rendering (processing) a file that is submitted for
+ printing even if it was formatted for an entirely different printer.
+ </p></dd><dt>Domain Master Browser</dt><dd><p>
+ The Domain Master Browser maintains a list of all the servers that
+ have announced their services within a given workgroup or NT domain.
+ </p></dd><dt>Domain Name Service</dt><dd><p>
+ A protocol by which computer hostnames may be resolved to the matching IP address/es.
+ DNS is implemented by the Berkeley Internet Name Daemon. There exists a recent version
+ of DNS that allows dynamic name registration by network clients or by a DHCP server.
+ This recent protocol is known as dynamic DNS (DDNS).
+ </p></dd><dt>Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</dt><dd><p>
+ A protocol that was based on the BOOTP protocol that may be used to dynamically assign
+ an IP address, from a reserved pool of addresses, to a network client or device.
+ Additionally, DHCP may assign all network configuration settings and may be used to
+ register a computer name and its address with a dynamic DNS server.
+ </p></dd><dt>Ethereal</dt><dd><p>
+ A network analyzer, also known as a network sniffer or a protocol analyzer. Ethereal is
+ freely available for UNIX/Linux and Microsoft Windows systems from
+ <a href="http://www.ethereal.com" target="_top">the Ethereal Web site</a>.
+ </p></dd><dt>Group IDentifier</dt><dd><p>
+ The UNIX system group identifier; on older systems, a 32-bit unsigned integer, and on
+ newer systems, an unsigned 64-bit integer. The GID is used in UNIX-like operating systems
+ for all group-level access control.
+ </p></dd><dt>Key Distribution Center</dt><dd><p>
+ The Kerberos authentication protocol makes use of security keys (also called a ticket)
+ by which access to network resources is controlled. The issuing of Kerberos tickets
+ is effected by a KDC.
+ </p></dd><dt>Lightweight Directory Access Protocol</dt><dd><p>
+ The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol is a technology that
+ originated from the development of X.500 protocol specifications and
+ implementations. LDAP was designed as a means of rapidly searching
+ through X.500 information. Later LDAP was adapted as an engine that
+ could drive its own directory database. LDAP is not a database per
+ se; rather it is a technology that enables high-volume search and
+ locate activity from clients that wish to obtain simply defined
+ information about a subset of records that are stored in a
+ database. LDAP does not have a particularly efficient mechanism for
+ storing records in the database, and it has no concept of transaction
+ processing nor of mechanisms for preserving data consistency. LDAP is
+ premised around the notion that the search and read activity far
+ outweigh any need to add, delete, or modify records. LDAP does
+ provide a means for replication of the database to keep slave
+ servers up to date with a master. It also has built-in capability to
+ handle external references and deferral.
+ </p></dd><dt>Local Master Browser</dt><dd><p>
+ The Local Master Browser maintains a list of all servers that have announced themselves
+ within a given workgroup or NT domain on a particular broadcast isolated subnet.
+ </p></dd><dt>Media Access Control</dt><dd><p>
+ The hard-coded address of the physical-layer device that is attached to the network.
+ All network interface controllers must have a hard-coded and unique MAC address. The
+ MAC address is 48 bits long.
+ </p></dd><dt>NetBIOS Extended User Interface</dt><dd><p>
+ Very simple network protocol invented by IBM and Microsoft. It is used to do NetBIOS
+ over Ethernet with low overhead. NetBEUI is a non-routable protocol.
+ </p></dd><dt>Network Address Translation</dt><dd><p>
+ Network address translation is a form of IP address masquerading. It ensures that internal
+ private (RFC1918) network addresses from packets inside the network are rewritten so
+ that TCP/IP packets that leave the server over a public connection are seen to come only
+ from the external network address.
+ </p></dd><dt>Network Basic Input/Output System</dt><dd><p>
+ NetBIOS is a simple application programming interface (API) invented in the 1980s
+ that allows programs to send data to certain network names. NetBIOS is always run over
+ another network protocol such as IPX/SPX, TCP/IP, or Logical Link Control (LLC).
+ NetBIOS run over LLC is best known as NetBEUI (the NetBIOS Extended User Interface
+ a complete misnomer!).
+ </p></dd><dt>NetBT</dt><dd><p>
+ Protocol for transporting NetBIOS frames over TCP/IP. Uses ports 137, 138, and 139.
+ NetBT is a fully routable protocol.
+ </p></dd><dt>NT/LanManager Security Support Provider</dt><dd><p>
+ The NTLM Security Support Provider (NTLMSSP) service in Windows NT4/200x/XP is responsible for
+ handling all NTLM authentication requests. It is the front end for protocols such as SPNEGO,
+ Schannel, and other technologies. The generic protocol family supported by NTLMSSP is known as
+ GSSAPI, the Generic Security Service Application Program Interface specified in RFC2078.
+ </p></dd><dt>Server Message Block</dt><dd><p>
+ SMB was the original name of the protocol spoken by Samba. It was invented in the 1980s
+ by IBM and adopted and extended further by Microsoft. Microsoft renamed the protocol to
+ CIFS during the Internet hype in the 1990s.
+ </p></dd><dt>The Simple and Protected GSS-API Negotiation</dt><dd><p>
+ The purpose of SPNEGO is to allow a client and server to negotiate a security mechanism for
+ authentication. The protocol is specified in RFC2478 and uses tokens as built via ASN.1 DER.
+ DER refers to Distinguished Encoding Rules. These are a set of common rules for creating
+ binary encodings in a platform-independent manner. Samba has support for SPNEGO.
+ </p></dd><dt>The Official Samba-3 HOWTO and Reference Guide, Second Edition</dt><dd><p>
+ This book makes repeated reference to “<span class="quote">The Official Samba-3 HOWTO and Reference Guide, Second
+ Edition</span>” by John H. Terpstra and Jelmer R. Vernooij. This publication is available from
+ Amazon.com. Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR (August 2005),
+ ISBN: 013122282.
+ </p></dd><dt>User IDentifier</dt><dd><p>
+ The UNIX system user identifier; on older systems, a 32-bit unsigned integer, and on newer systems,
+ an unsigned 64-bit integer. The UID is used in UNIX-like operating systems for all user-level access
+ control.
+ </p></dd><dt>Universal Naming Convention</dt><dd><p>A syntax for specifying the location of network resources (such as file shares).
+ The UNC syntax was developed in the early days of MS DOS 3.x and is used internally by the SMB protocol.
+ </p></dd></dl></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="gpl.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ix01.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix A. GNU General Public License </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Index</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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