2 * QEMU PC System Emulator
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
26 /* output Bochs bios info messages */
29 #define BIOS_FILENAME "bios.bin"
30 #define VGABIOS_FILENAME "vgabios.bin"
31 #define LINUX_BOOT_FILENAME "linux_boot.bin"
33 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR 0x00100000
34 #define INITRD_LOAD_ADDR 0x00400000
35 #define KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR 0x00090000
36 #define KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR 0x00099000
39 int dummy_refresh_clock;
40 static fdctrl_t *floppy_controller;
41 static RTCState *rtc_state;
43 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t data)
47 /* PC cmos mappings */
49 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE 0x14
50 #define REG_IBM_CENTURY_BYTE 0x32
51 #define REG_IBM_PS2_CENTURY_BYTE 0x37
54 static inline int to_bcd(RTCState *s, int a)
56 return ((a / 10) << 4) | (a % 10);
59 static void cmos_init(int ram_size, int boot_device)
61 RTCState *s = rtc_state;
67 /* set the CMOS date */
72 val = to_bcd(s, (tm->tm_year / 100) + 19);
73 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_IBM_CENTURY_BYTE, val);
74 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_IBM_PS2_CENTURY_BYTE, val);
76 /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
79 val = 640; /* base memory in K */
80 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x15, val);
81 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
83 val = (ram_size / 1024) - 1024;
86 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
87 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
88 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
89 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
91 val = (ram_size / 65536) - ((16 * 1024 * 1024) / 65536);
94 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
95 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
100 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x01); /* floppy boot */
104 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x02); /* hard drive boot */
107 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x03); /* CD-ROM boot */
113 fd0 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 0);
114 fd1 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 1);
119 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
123 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
127 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
133 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
137 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
141 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
145 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x10, val);
157 val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
160 val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
163 val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
164 val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
165 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
169 static void speaker_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
171 speaker_data_on = (val >> 1) & 1;
172 pit_set_gate(&pit_channels[2], val & 1);
175 static uint32_t speaker_ioport_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
178 out = pit_get_out(&pit_channels[2], qemu_get_clock(vm_clock));
179 dummy_refresh_clock ^= 1;
180 return (speaker_data_on << 1) | pit_channels[2].gate | (out << 5) |
181 (dummy_refresh_clock << 4);
184 static void ioport92_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
186 cpu_x86_set_a20(cpu_single_env, (val >> 1) & 1);
187 /* XXX: bit 0 is fast reset */
190 static uint32_t ioport92_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
192 return ((cpu_single_env->a20_mask >> 20) & 1) << 1;
195 /***********************************************************/
196 /* Bochs BIOS debug ports */
198 void bochs_bios_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
201 /* Bochs BIOS messages */
204 fprintf(stderr, "BIOS panic at rombios.c, line %d\n", val);
209 fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
213 /* LGPL'ed VGA BIOS messages */
216 fprintf(stderr, "VGA BIOS panic, line %d\n", val);
221 fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
227 void bochs_bios_init(void)
229 register_ioport_write(0x400, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
230 register_ioport_write(0x401, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
231 register_ioport_write(0x402, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
232 register_ioport_write(0x403, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
234 register_ioport_write(0x501, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
235 register_ioport_write(0x502, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
236 register_ioport_write(0x500, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
237 register_ioport_write(0x503, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
241 int load_kernel(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr,
247 fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
251 /* load 16 bit code */
252 if (read(fd, real_addr, 512) != 512)
254 setup_sects = real_addr[0x1F1];
257 if (read(fd, real_addr + 512, setup_sects * 512) !=
261 /* load 32 bit code */
262 size = read(fd, addr, 16 * 1024 * 1024);
272 static const int ide_iobase[2] = { 0x1f0, 0x170 };
273 static const int ide_iobase2[2] = { 0x3f6, 0x376 };
274 static const int ide_irq[2] = { 14, 15 };
276 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
278 static uint32_t ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360, 0x280, 0x380 };
279 static int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
281 /* PC hardware initialisation */
282 void pc_init(int ram_size, int vga_ram_size, int boot_device,
283 DisplayState *ds, const char **fd_filename, int snapshot,
284 const char *kernel_filename, const char *kernel_cmdline,
285 const char *initrd_filename)
288 int ret, linux_boot, initrd_size, i, nb_nics1, fd;
290 linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
293 cpu_register_physical_memory(0, ram_size, 0);
296 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, BIOS_FILENAME);
297 ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + 0x000f0000);
298 if (ret != 0x10000) {
299 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load PC bios '%s'\n", buf);
304 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, VGABIOS_FILENAME);
305 ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + 0x000c0000);
307 /* setup basic memory access */
308 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xc0000, 0x10000, 0xc0000 | IO_MEM_ROM);
309 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xd0000, 0x20000, IO_MEM_UNASSIGNED);
310 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xf0000, 0x10000, 0xf0000 | IO_MEM_ROM);
315 uint8_t bootsect[512];
316 uint8_t old_bootsect[512];
318 if (bs_table[0] == NULL) {
319 fprintf(stderr, "A disk image must be given for 'hda' when booting a Linux kernel\n");
322 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, LINUX_BOOT_FILENAME);
323 ret = load_image(buf, bootsect);
324 if (ret != sizeof(bootsect)) {
325 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load linux boot sector '%s'\n",
330 if (bdrv_read(bs_table[0], 0, old_bootsect, 1) >= 0) {
331 /* copy the MSDOS partition table */
332 memcpy(bootsect + 0x1be, old_bootsect + 0x1be, 0x40);
335 bdrv_set_boot_sector(bs_table[0], bootsect, sizeof(bootsect));
337 /* now we can load the kernel */
338 ret = load_kernel(kernel_filename,
339 phys_ram_base + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR,
340 phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR);
342 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",
349 if (initrd_filename) {
350 initrd_size = load_image(initrd_filename, phys_ram_base + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
351 if (initrd_size < 0) {
352 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initial ram disk '%s'\n",
357 if (initrd_size > 0) {
358 stl_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x218, INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
359 stl_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x21c, initrd_size);
361 pstrcpy(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR, 4096,
363 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x20, 0xA33F);
364 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x22,
365 KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR - KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR);
367 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x210, 0x01);
370 /* init basic PC hardware */
371 register_ioport_write(0x80, 1, 1, ioport80_write, NULL);
373 vga_initialize(ds, phys_ram_base + ram_size, ram_size,
376 rtc_state = rtc_init(0x70, 8);
377 register_ioport_read(0x61, 1, 1, speaker_ioport_read, NULL);
378 register_ioport_write(0x61, 1, 1, speaker_ioport_write, NULL);
380 register_ioport_read(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_read, NULL);
381 register_ioport_write(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_write, NULL);
386 fd = serial_open_device();
387 serial_init(0x3f8, 4, fd);
390 if (nb_nics1 > NE2000_NB_MAX)
391 nb_nics1 = NE2000_NB_MAX;
392 for(i = 0; i < nb_nics1; i++) {
393 ne2000_init(ne2000_io[i], ne2000_irq[i], &nd_table[i]);
396 for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
397 ide_init(ide_iobase[i], ide_iobase2[i], ide_irq[i],
398 bs_table[2 * i], bs_table[2 * i + 1]);
404 /* no audio supported yet for win32 */
409 floppy_controller = fdctrl_init(6, 2, 0, 0x3f0, fd_table);
411 cmos_init(ram_size, boot_device);